The first human settlement in the territory of Piedimonte SG dates back to prehistoric times , as evidenced by the remains of amigdaloidi found , years ago, in the neighboring fields of Pignataro and Interamna Piedimonte .
The amygdaloid was a kind of ax , stone by hand or with a wooden handle , used as a tool or weapon.
The existence of caves, also reveal the presence of human settlements already during the Neolithic or Stone Age . Household utensils and other artifacts of the late lithic and Bronze Age and Iron Age were also found along the moat of S. Allison and near the caves Ciarite or Clarify and Sbote . And yet , the discovery of some ancient fossil remains of prehistoric elephants and a big jaw, has allowed historians to establish with scientific rigor that the territory there were traces of life from the age or quaternary Neozoic .
In the fourth century BC, came the Volsci , the population of the strain Umbrian- sabinico . They settled along the banks of the Verde River , the ancient name of the river Liri , giving rise to a number of urban areas. The most important were : Sora , Arpinum , Aquinum , Casinum , Fregellae ; while the smaller nuclei were scattered throughout the territory of the Liri Valley and especially in the hills and mountains facing south as Monte Cairo , on whose southern flounce was born a " oppidum " .
After the Volsci was the turn of the Samnites , from the Valle del Sangro . The Samnite people , mainly devoted to sheep , gave birth to a real pay ( village ) . Around the third century . B.C. policy changes in favor of Rome, acted the emergence of new social physiognomy . The dominance of the Roman Empire on the territory began with the founding of the colony in 313 BC Interamna and with control of the Via Latina , the only thoroughfare connecting the south. During Roman times, the oppidum Pesmons along with the city of Aquinum and Casinum were marked by considerable urbanization. In fact, numerous villas were built , which with the fall of the Roman Empire (476 AD ) , were transformed into veritable fortresses for defense needs.
With the decline of the Roman political and social system , western Europe was hit by a series of invasions and domination of barbarian tribes . Even Pesmons experienced violent conflicts and the incomparable misdeeds of the Vandals , Turcilingi , the Ostrogoths , Huns and Scythians , which culminated in 577 , the year in which it established the Lombard domination over most of the peninsula. At the same time the movement was spreading created by the Benedictine religious and organizational genius of Benedict of Nursia , who in 528 founded the famous monastery of Monte Cassino and the Rule "Ora et Labora" .
During the Lombard domination the oppidum Pesmons repeatedly passed under the control of the Counts of Aquino and the Abbot of Monte Cassino .
In 744 , the Duke Gisulfo , following the conversion of the Lombards to Christianity , he decided to donate Pesmons at Monte Cassino .
The importance of this donation also lies in the fact that for the first time was marked the boundary between the lands of papal rule and states of southern Italy. With the rise of the Carolingian power (742-1005) , this donation was confirmed by the emperor Charlemagne , who in 787 established that Pesmons were considered the property of the crown , leaving the Benedictines entitled to exercise his or her domain . Montecassino could enjoy the lands donated , manage them and arrange them , prohibiting public officials , to the chamberlains accounts and to take an interest in the affairs of the monastery.
In the year 846 the Saracens ravaged and plundered the castle or oppidum . Meanwhile, the Count of Aquino , Adenolfo , taking advantage of the situation somewhat chaotic, caused by saraceniche raids , seized , in 884 , the territory of Piedimonte . He provided immediately to the reconstruction of the castle , to the extension of the boundary walls and access all'oppidum was through the large door . In 915 the Saracens were destroyed , but the castle remained under the rule of the Counts of Aquino until 1067, when it was ceded to the Abbot of Monte Cassino Desiderius ( 1058-1087 ) , entering into de facto jurisdiction of the Land of S. Benedict .
On 3 July 1140 the Norman Roger II, King of Sicily, took possession of the castle. Only when they were carrying out operations conquest of southern Italy by the Normans , the King returned the oppidum Pesmons or Pedismontis at Monte Cassino .
During the Swabian domination (XIII century). Abbey lost its power and Piedimonte was ruled by a royal official . In 1230, Emperor Frederick II , with the Treaty of San Germano , decreed the return of the castle under the jurisdiction of Montecassino. In addition, in 1231 , the Constitutions of Melfi , Federico II divided the kingdom of Italy in giustizierie , straight course from a civil servant , as a representative of the royal power . Piedimonte also became part of the giustizieria called Terra di Lavoro ( Fields Leburini ) , remaining there until 1926 . Indeed, January 1, 1927 the Fascist regime established the new province of Frosinone.
With the passing of the years , in the lordship of Monte Cassino took shape the University of citizens ( Civicum Universitatis ), whose physiognomy policy arose from the acquisition of the rights and duties of political power in the hands of citizens. Piedimonte the first to experience this kind of community , whose members , citizens , working together to meet the needs of economic, social and cultural development of the oppidum . In addition, it was the first community to have the Charta libertatis ( April 1, 1183 ) , a document containing all the privileges granted to the inhabitants of Abbot Peter Piedimonte .
With the Angevin and Aragonese domination , the castle lost its autonomy , even if limited, as the territory remained under the jurisdiction of Monte Cassino until 1807 . In the spring of 1796 as a result of the French Revolution (1789) , the revolutionary ideas inflamed the minds of citizens, who believed in the freedom promised by the French. The King of Naples , Ferdinand IV of Bourbon, to restore the status quo was forced to send armies along the borders of his kingdom.
Piedimonte also had a garrison of soldiers Bourbons until 1798 , when the army of Ferdinand IV was forced to retreat by the arrival of Napoleon's troops . With the promulgation of laws Napoleonic territory became part of the royal demesne .
The country began to recover in part, only after the Unit ' of Italy and in 1863 , when the railroad was built from Rome to Naples , he was named Piedimonte San Germano . The territory in 1893 , in the province of Terra di Lavoro and district of Sora, recorded 2,533 inhabitants. The city administration worked assiduously for the progress of the country.
At the outbreak of the First World War 1915-18 also Piedimonte mobilized to complete the process of unification of Italy with the liberation of Trento and Trieste by the Austrian political scene . With the advent of the fascist dictatorship (3 January 1925) Benito Mussolini was placed at the head of the municipality the mayor appointed by the government . Piedimonte lived this transitional time with a little ' bitter Liberties fade away .
There were some , in fact, violence and bullying .
During the Second World War Piedimonte found itself even more directly involved because it was one of the cornerstones of the line of barrier Hitler , behind the first line of the barrier formed by the Gustav Line . Its population lived then in full the long and terrible battle of Monte Cassino between German and Allied troops that was fought so bitterly to leave thousands and thousands of dead on the ground , then collected in different cemeteries scattered throughout the territory .
After the tragic events of the war , followed by years of intense sacrifices , but the inhabitants were able to rebuild the country and restore their castle .
The settlement of FIAT in 1972 has also favored the occupation and the University of Cassino has fueled the attractiveness of the country and its region.